Aller au contenu principal
Targumi / Survival kit / German
🇩🇪
Free guide

German Survival Kit

German is spoken by approximately 100 million native speakers and remains the most widely spoken language in the European Union. From Berlin to Vienna, from Zurich to Munich: with this kit, you have the bare minimum to get by in any German-speaking city.

German has approximately 100 million native speakers and remains the most widely spoken language in the European Union. Five countries have adopted it as an official language (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg) along with linguistic minorities in Belgium, Italy (South Tyrol) and Poland. It is also a key language for science (the second language of scientific publication in the 20th century), philosophy and industry, especially in automotive engineering, optics and chemistry. German grammar is known to be demanding: four cases (nominative, accusative, dative, genitive), three genders, systematic declensions. Sentence construction often places the verb at the end of the clause, which requires a good ear and patience. Pronunciation remains very regular once a few peculiarities are mastered (umlauts, guttural ch, ss/sz). Compound words can reach impressive lengths but follow a simple logic: just break them down. Beyond language, the German-speaking world rests on precise cultural codes: strict punctuality, direct frankness seen as a mark of respect, rigorous waste sorting, the use of "Sie" (formal you) with strangers, cash transactions still very common. Regional varieties (Standard German, Swiss German, Austrian, Bavarian) remain intelligible in writing but can surprise the ear. This kit gathers the essentials to handle an airport arrival, a taxi ride, a restaurant order, a medical emergency and a smooth departure. Memorize these expressions before leaving and you will gain confidence from the very first hours on site.

In context: 5 scenes to get by

Here is how these phrases play out in real life. Each scene sets the stage and gathers the useful expressions.

On arrival

You land at Berlin Brandenburg in the early evening. The hall is huge and you are looking for the taxi exit. An agent meets your gaze, you greet him and ask for directions.

  • Guten Tag (GOO-ten TAHK) : Good afternoon
  • Freut mich (FROIT mish) : Nice to meet you
  • Wo ist...? (voh IST...?) : Where is... ?
  • Wie komme ich zum Flughafen? (vee KOM-meh ish tsoom FLOOK-hah-fen?) : How do I get to the airport?

In the taxi

The taxi driver loads your suitcase and asks for your destination. You give him the hotel address, you want to check the price before leaving, then you will ask him to stop right in front of the entrance.

  • Halten Sie hier (HAL-ten zee HEER) : Stop here
  • Wie viel kostet das Taxi? (vee FEEL KOS-tet dass TAK-see?) : How much is the taxi?
  • Lassen Sie mich hier raus (LAS-sen zee mish heer ROWS) : Drop me here
  • Bitte (BIT-teh) : Please

At the cafe

You enter a brasserie in the early evening. The waiter seats you and hands you the menu. You hesitate over the daily special and ask for advice before ordering water and the bill.

  • Die Speisekarte, bitte (dee SHPAI-zeh-kar-teh, BIT-teh) : The menu, please
  • Was empfehlen Sie? (vass emp-FAY-len zee?) : What do you recommend?
  • Wasser, bitte (VAS-ser, BIT-teh) : Water, please
  • Die Rechnung, bitte (dee RESH-noong, BIT-teh) : The bill, please

In an emergency

You feel sick after a meal and you need help quickly. You ask where the nearest hospital is and you mention that you are allergic to certain foods.

  • Ich brauche einen Arzt (ish BROW-kheh AY-nen ARTST) : I need a doctor
  • Mir geht es nicht gut (meer GAYT es nisht GOOT) : I don't feel well
  • Ich bin allergisch gegen... (ish bin a-LER-gish GAY-gen...) : I am allergic to...
  • Rufen Sie einen Krankenwagen! (ROO-fen zee AY-nen KRAN-ken-vah-gen!) : Call an ambulance!

On departure

On the morning of departure, you want to confirm check-out time at the reception, then catch a taxi to the airport. Before leaving, you warmly say goodbye to the hotel staff.

  • Ist das WLAN kostenlos? (ist dass VEE-lahn KOS-ten-loss?) : Is Wi-Fi free?
  • Wie komme ich zum Flughafen? (vee KOM-meh ish tsoom FLOOK-hah-fen?) : How do I get to the airport?
  • Auf Wiedersehen (owf VEE-der-zayn) : Goodbye
  • Bis bald (biss BALT) : See you soon

Cultural notes

What you need to know before travelling to a german-speaking country.

1

Punctuality is sacred in German-speaking countries. Arriving five minutes early is the professional norm. Even a slight delay must be justified by a prior message.

2

Using "Sie" (formal you) remains the rule with strangers, shopkeepers and at work. The "du" (informal) comes quickly among friends or young adults but wait until offered.

3

Direct frankness is valued. Germans rarely say no without reason or yes out of politeness. Constructive criticism is seen as a sign of respect, not aggression.

4

Waste sorting is rigorous: paper, glass, plastic, biowaste. In an Airbnb or with a host, take the time to identify the correct bins.

5

Cash transactions remain very common in Germany and Austria, even in large cities. Plan to have cash on hand for small shops and restaurants.

6

Tipping (Trinkgeld) is customary: round up or add five to ten percent. Announce the total amount to the waiter when paying, do not leave money on the table.

7

On Sundays, almost everything is closed in German-speaking countries (shops, supermarkets, services). Do your shopping on Saturday to avoid surprises.

8

In German-speaking Switzerland and Austria, standard German coexists with local dialects (Swiss German, Bavarian). Writing remains standard, but speech can sound very different.

Glossary: 10 key words to remember

Preview. The full glossary (30 words) and all the phrases are in the PDF.

Ja

yah

Yes

Nein

nain

No

Danke

DAN-keh

Thank you

Bitte

BIT-teh

You're welcome

Entschuldigung

ent-SHOOL-di-goong

Sorry

Wasser

VAS-ser

Water

Essen

ES-sen

Food

Hotel

ho-TEL

Hotel

Flughafen

FLOOK-hah-fen

Airport

Krankenhaus

KRAN-ken-hows

Hospital

Get the full German kit

A hundred words, thirty key phrases, as a printable PDF. Instant download, also sent by e-mail.

No credit card. One-click unsubscribe. GDPR compliant.

Sources and references

Every translation is cross-checked against at least two concordant sources among the references below.

Go further in German

All Targumi resources for this language.

German level test

Assess your CEFR level in 5 minutes.

German cultural quiz

Films, music, traditions. How well do you know?

German articles

Guides, methods and tips to progress.

German vocabulary

Essential words and phrases organised by themes.

Cultural resources

Films, series, podcasts and music to immerse yourself.

Start now

Live classes with a bilingual native teacher. First lessons free.

Ready to go further in German?

The kit is just the start. To really speak the language, join a live class with a native teacher. Small groups, real feedback, fast progress.

Start classes →

30-day money-back guarantee, native teachers